What is it?
The Achilles tendon is a thick, fibrous band running down the back of the leg, connecting the calf muscles to the heel bone. Its primary function is to help move the foot up and down. Athletes at all levels often experience issues with this tendon. It can be injured from direct impact, overuse, excessive training, or even from pressure caused by shoes. Achilles tendonitis typically causes pain and swelling in the lower part of the tendon, just above the heel. Movement that stretches the tendon, such as pointing the foot upward, often exacerbates the discomfort. Over time, the condition can worsen, leading individuals to reduce or stop their physical activities before seeking medical attention.
What causes it?
The exact reasons why some people are more prone to Achilles tendonitis are not fully understood, but several factors are commonly associated with the condition. Direct trauma to the Achilles tendon is a clear cause. Abnormal walking patterns or improper biomechanics can place excessive strain on the tendon, leading to localized swelling and pain. Additionally, overuse, excessive training, and inadequate stretching can contribute to Achilles tendon injuries. Generally, Achilles tendonitis results in pain, reduced range of motion, localized swelling, and a potential long-term issue that often responds slowly to treatment.
How do you treat it?
Treating Achilles tendonitis begins with a comprehensive examination by a specialist to rule out other issues such as heel bone fractures, partial tendon ruptures, or localized soft tissue problems. Treatment options for Achilles tendonitis may include physical therapy, shoe modifications (like heel lifts), possible use of orthotics, oral anti-inflammatory medications, and reduced physical activity to allow the condition to heal. While surgery is rarely necessary, it is occasionally considered in severe cases. Despite being a slow-to-respond condition, Achilles tendonitis usually improves and resolves with appropriate therapy over time.
