What are they?
Bunions are noticeable bumps or enlargements that develop on the inner sides of the feet. These deformities can cause a range of issues and may require varied treatment approaches. Importantly, bunions are progressive; they typically worsen over time. While the rate at which the deformity progresses and the extent of symptoms can vary, most experts agree that bunions tend to deteriorate with time. Bunions can cause discomfort in certain shoes, lead to arthritic changes, result in secondary issues like hammertoes or pain in the foot’s fat pad, and create aesthetic or footwear concerns, particularly for those who wear high-heeled shoes. Regardless of the severity, bunions merit attention and should be evaluated by a foot specialist.
What causes them?
Bunions can arise from several factors, which a foot specialist can help clarify through a thorough examination. Heredity is a significant factor, as bunions often run in families. The way you walk and the type of shoes you wear can also contribute to bunion formation. Specifically, abnormal walking mechanics and footwear can exert unusual forces and pressures on the foot, leading to bunions. Various arthritic conditions, including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and gout, can deform the first metatarsal joint and contribute to bunion development. It is important to note that while shoes can exacerbate an existing bunion, they are not typically the primary cause of the condition.
How do you treat them?
Treating bunions involves a range of therapeutic options. Initial treatments might include modifying footwear, using padding, physical therapy, and occasionally injections to alleviate symptoms. Functional orthotics or supportive devices can help reduce abnormal forces and potentially slow the progression of the bunion, reducing discomfort. Surgical correction is another option and should be discussed with a foot specialist. There are different surgical approaches depending on the severity of the bunion, and a comprehensive clinical evaluation is essential for effective management. Ignoring a bunion is not advisable; a thorough evaluation is the best first step in addressing this condition.
